An article explaining the basic knowledge of copper
Copper (Cuprum) is a metallic element and a transition element. Its chemical symbol is Cu, English copper, and its atomic number is 29. Pure copper is a soft metal. When cut, the surface is reddish-orange with a metallic luster, and the pure copper is purple-red.
It has good ductility, high thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, so it is the most commonly used material in cables and electrical and electronic components. It can also be used as building materials and can be composed of many kinds of alloys. Copper alloys have excellent mechanical properties and low resistivity, the most important of which are bronze and brass. Additionally, copper is a durable metal that can be recycled multiple times without losing its mechanical properties.
Divalent copper salt is the most common copper compound. Its hydrated ions often appear blue, while chlorine as a ligand appears green. It is the source of the color of minerals such as azurite and turquoise, and has been widely used as a pigment in history. Patina (basic copper carbonate) occurs when copper building structures are corroded. Decorative art mainly uses metallic copper and copper-containing pigments.
Copper is one of the earliest metals used by humans. As early as prehistoric times, people began to mine open-pit copper mines and use the obtained copper to make weapons, tools and other utensils. The use of copper had a profound impact on the progress of early human civilization. Copper is a metal found in the earth's crust and oceans. The copper content in the earth's crust is about 0.01%. In individual copper deposits, the copper content can reach 3% to 5%. Copper in nature mostly exists as compounds, that is, copper ores.
Copper is less mobile, and elemental iron can react with copper sulfate to displace elemental copper. Elemental copper is insoluble in non-oxidizing acids.
The density of copper is 8-9g/cm3; melting point is 1083°C. Pure copper has good electrical conductivity and is widely used in the manufacture of wires, cables, brushes, etc.; it has good thermal conductivity and is often used to manufacture magnetic instruments and meters that must prevent magnetic interference, such as compasses, aviation instruments, etc.; it has excellent plasticity and is easy to heat Pressing and cold pressure processing can be made into copper materials such as tubes, rods, wires, strips, strips, plates, and foils. There are two types of pure copper products: smelted products and processed products. "
