In the copper industry, materials are broadly classified into four main categories based on their composition, properties, and applications. These categories are defined by international standards such as ASTM, EN, and ISO, and form the foundation of most copper product offerings-including tubes, sheets, rods, wires, and strips.
Commercially Pure Copper (Wrought Copper)
This category includes coppers with a minimum copper content of 99.3% to 99.99%, such as C11000 (electrolytic tough pitch copper), C10200 (oxygen-free copper), and C12200 (phosphorus deoxidized copper). These materials offer excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, outstanding corrosion resistance, and good formability. They are widely used in electrical applications, heat exchangers, plumbing systems, and architectural components.
| UNS Designation | Common Name | Copper Content | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| C10100 | Oxygen-Free Electronic (OFE) | 99.99% min | Highest conductivity, excellent ductility, low gas content |
| C10200 | Oxygen-Free (OF) | 99.95% min | High conductivity, good formability, suitable for welding |
| C11000 | Electrolytic Tough Pitch (ETP) | 99.90% min | Standard electrical copper, high conductivity, economical |
| C12200 | Phosphorus Deoxidized (DHP) | 99.90% min | Improved weldability, good corrosion resistance |
| C12000 | Phosphorus Deoxidized (DLP) | 99.90% min | Low phosphorus content, enhanced ductility |
2. High Copper Alloys
High copper alloys contain small amounts of alloying elements-typically less than 5%-to enhance specific properties while retaining conductivity close to that of pure copper. Common examples include beryllium copper (C17200) and chromium copper (C18200). These alloys offer significantly higher strength and hardness, making them suitable for connectors, springs, resistance welding electrodes, and high-performance electrical components.
| UNS Designation | Alloy Type | Copper Content | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| C17200 | Beryllium Copper | 97.8–98.3% | Highest strength among copper alloys, excellent spring properties, good conductivity |
| C17500 | Beryllium Cobalt Copper | 96.0–97.5% | Moderate strength, high conductivity, good thermal stability |
| C18200 | Chromium Copper | 98.0–99.0% | High strength, excellent conductivity, good wear resistance |
| C18150 | Chromium Zirconium Copper | 98.0–99.0% | Superior thermal stability, high strength at elevated temperatures |
| C16200 | Cadmium Copper | 98.5–99.0% | High strength, good conductivity, excellent resistance to softening |
Brasses (Copper-Zinc Alloys)
Brasses are alloys of copper and zinc, with zinc content typically ranging from 5% to 40%. They are classified into alpha brasses (e.g., C26000, cartridge brass), alpha-beta brasses (e.g., C28000, Muntz metal), and beta brasses. Brasses are known for their excellent machinability, good corrosion resistance, attractive golden color, and cost-effectiveness. Common applications include plumbing fittings, valves, fasteners, musical instruments, and decorative hardware.
| UNS Designation | Common Name | Nominal Composition | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| C23000 | Red Brass | 85% Cu, 15% Zn | Excellent corrosion resistance, good cold workability |
| C24000 | Low Brass | 80% Cu, 20% Zn | Good combination of strength and ductility |
| C26000 | Cartridge Brass | 70% Cu, 30% Zn | Outstanding cold workability, standard for deep drawing |
| C27000 | Yellow Brass | 65% Cu, 35% Zn | Good strength, economical |
| C28000 | Muntz Metal | 60% Cu, 40% Zn | High strength, excellent hot workability |
| C36000 | Free-Cutting Brass | 61.5% Cu, 35.5% Zn, 3% Pb | Exceptional machinability, industry standard for screw machine parts |
| C46400 | Naval Brass | 60% Cu, 39.25% Zn, 0.75% Sn | Excellent corrosion resistance in marine environments |
Bronzes (Copper-Tin Alloys and Other Alloys)
Bronzes traditionally refer to copper-tin alloys, but the category has expanded to include copper-aluminum (aluminum bronzes), copper-silicon (silicon bronzes), and copper-nickel (cupronickel) alloys. These materials offer superior strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance-especially in marine environments-and excellent casting properties. Applications include bearings, bushings, marine hardware, pump components, and coinage.
Tin Bronzes (Copper-Tin Alloys)
| UNS Designation | Common Name | Nominal Composition | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| C51000 | Phosphor Bronze A | 95% Cu, 5% Sn, trace P | Excellent spring properties, good corrosion resistance |
| C52100 | Phosphor Bronze C | 92% Cu, 8% Sn, trace P | High strength, excellent wear resistance |
| C52400 | Phosphor Bronze D | 90% Cu, 10% Sn, trace P | Maximum strength among tin bronzes |
Aluminum Bronzes
| UNS Designation | Common Name | Nominal Composition | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| C61400 | Aluminum Bronze A | 91% Cu, 7% Al, 2% Fe | Good strength, excellent corrosion resistance |
| C63000 | Nickel Aluminum Bronze | 82% Cu, 10% Al, 5% Ni, 3% Fe | High strength, excellent wear and corrosion resistance |
| C63200 | Aluminum Bronze | 82% Cu, 9% Al, 4% Ni, 4% Fe | Superior seawater corrosion resistance |
Silicon Bronzes
| UNS Designation | Common Name | Nominal Composition | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| C65100 | Silicon Bronze | 98.5% Cu, 1.5% Si | Excellent corrosion resistance, good formability |
| C65500 | High-Silicon Bronze | 97% Cu, 3% Si | High strength, excellent corrosion resistance |
Copper-Nickel Alloys (Cupronickels)
| UNS Designation | Common Name | Nominal Composition | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| C70600 | 90/10 Copper-Nickel | 90% Cu, 10% Ni | Excellent seawater corrosion resistance, biofouling resistance |
| C71500 | 70/30 Copper-Nickel | 70% Cu, 30% Ni | Superior corrosion resistance in aggressive marine environments |
Our product range
| Product Category | Key Specifications | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Copper Tubes | Outer Diameter: 3–300 mm Wall Thickness: 0.5–10 mm Length: Customized Standards: ASTM B280, EN 1057, JIS H3300 |
Air conditioning, refrigeration, heat exchangers, plumbing, industrial fluid transfer |
| Copper Sheets & Plates | Thickness: 0.5–100 mm Width: up to 3000 mm Length: up to 6000 mm Standards: ASTM B152, EN 1652, GB/T 2040 |
Architectural roofing, busbars, transformer components, industrial panels, heat exchangers |
| Copper Rods & Bars | Diameter: 6–300 mm (round) Cross-section: square, hexagonal, flat Standards: ASTM B124, EN 12163, GB/T 4423 |
Electrical connectors, machining parts, switchgear, fasteners, valve stems |
| Copper Wires | Diameter: 0.1–12 mm Form: bare, tinned, stranded Standards: ASTM B3, EN 13601, IEC 60228 |
Electrical wiring, cables, grounding, automotive harnesses, transformer windings |
Our factory
Our factory is equipped with a comprehensive range of advanced production facilities dedicated to the copper processing industry. The production line includes state-of-the-art extrusion presses, precision rolling mills, high-speed drawing machines, continuous casting lines, and automated annealing furnaces, enabling us to manufacture a full spectrum of copper products-tubes, sheets, plates, rods, bars, wires, and strips-with exceptional dimensional accuracy and consistent mechanical properties. To ensure stable output and supply reliability, we operate with an annual production capacity exceeding 80000 tons and maintain a large-scale inventory system that supports just-in-time delivery. Complementing our manufacturing capabilities is a dedicated quality control center equipped with spectrometers, universal testing machines, and hardness testers, ensuring every batch meets international standards such as ASTM, EN, and GB/T. This vertically integrated production setup allows us to control quality at every stage, from raw material selection to final packaging, and to offer flexible customization in dimensions, temper, and surface finishes. With decades of technical expertise and a strong focus on continuous process improvement, we stand as a reliable, large-scale supplier serving clients across global markets.
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