First, copper is broadly classified into: pure copper, brass, white copper, and bronze.
1. Pure Copper
Grades include T1, T2, and T3. Industrial pure copper, T1, has the highest purity, with a copper and silver content exceeding 99.95%. It has no phosphorus requirement and exhibits excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and processability. It can be welded and brazed, but trace amounts of oxygen may affect its processing and use in high-temperature reducing atmospheres.
T2, with a copper and silver content exceeding 99.9%, contains fewer impurities that reduce electrical and thermal conductivity, resulting in similar performance to T1.
T3, with a relatively low purity, is slightly inferior to T1 and T2 in various performance indicators.
Pure copper T1, T2, and T3 are commonly used in applications requiring high electrical conductivity, such as wires, cables, and conductive screws.
TU1 and TU2 are oxygen-free copper. These grades, with a further reduction in oxygen content compared to pure copper, offer higher purity and improved electrical conductivity. They are primarily used in electronics and electrical applications where oxygen content is critical. 2. Brass
Common Brass:
H59: Contains approximately 59% copper, with the remainder primarily zinc. It has high strength and hardness, but relatively poor ductility. While still able to withstand pressure processing well in the hot state, its corrosion resistance is average and it is relatively inexpensive. It is commonly used for general machine parts, welded parts, and hot stamping and hot rolling parts.
H62: Contains approximately 62% copper. It has excellent mechanical properties, good ductility in the hot state and relatively good ductility in the cold state. It also has good machinability and is easy to braze and weld. It is corrosion-resistant, but prone to corrosion cracking. This is a widely used common brass variety and can be used for various load-bearing parts requiring deep drawing and bending, such as pins, rivets, washers, nuts, conduits, barometer springs, screens, and radiator parts.
H65: Its performance lies between H68 and H62. It has high strength and ductility and can withstand both hot and cold pressure processing well, but it is prone to corrosion cracking. It is commonly used in small hardware, daily necessities, small springs, screws, rivets, and mechanical parts. H68: Contains approximately 68% copper and exhibits excellent plasticity (the best among brasses) and high strength. It also offers excellent machinability and is easily welded. It is commonly used for complex cold-stamped and deep-drawn parts, such as radiator housings, conduits, bellows, cartridge cases, and gaskets.
Complex Brass: HPb59-1: This is a free-machining brass. In addition to copper and zinc, it also contains lead, which improves its machinability. It is often used for parts requiring high machinability, such as screws and nuts.
HFe58-1-1: This brass contains iron, which increases its strength and hardness, making it suitable for applications requiring high strength.
III. Bronze
Tin Bronze: QSn4-3: Contains approximately 4% tin and 3% zinc. It exhibits excellent wear and corrosion resistance and elasticity, making it suitable for manufacturing wear-resistant parts such as springs, bearings, and gears. It is also commonly used in parts requiring high elasticity, such as springs for lamps and switches. QSn6.5-0.4: With a high tin content, it offers excellent casting properties and corrosion resistance. It is suitable for manufacturing parts with complex shapes and high corrosion resistance requirements, such as turbines and gears.
Aluminum Bronze: QAl5: Contains approximately 5% aluminum. It offers high strength and corrosion resistance, exhibiting excellent corrosion resistance in air and seawater environments. It is commonly used in the manufacture of shipbuilding parts and chemical machinery parts.
QAl9-2: With a higher aluminum content, it offers higher strength and hardness than QAl5 and can be used to manufacture high-strength, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant parts.
Beryllium Bronze: QBe2: Contains approximately 2% beryllium and offers extremely high strength, hardness, and elasticity, as well as good electrical and thermal conductivity. It is commonly used in the manufacture of elastic components and wear-resistant parts for precision instruments and meters, such as clock springs and leaf springs.
IV. Cupronickel
Ordinary Cupronickel: B19: Contains approximately 19% nickel. It offers high strength and corrosion resistance, and its physical properties are stable at room temperature. It is commonly used in the manufacture of precision instruments, thermocouples, and watch parts. B30: Contains approximately 30% nickel, offering improved corrosion resistance and commonly used in instruments and medical devices.
Complex White Cup: BZn15-20: This type of white cup contains zinc. The addition of zinc improves its strength and ductility, making it suitable for manufacturing complex parts.
BFe30-1-1: This type of white cup contains iron. The addition of iron improves its corrosion resistance and strength, making it suitable for applications requiring high corrosion resistance and strength.
The company has a cluster of leading copper processing production lines in China, including:
German imported precision copper tube production line (annual output of 30,000 tons)
Japanese technology copper foil rolling line (thinnest up to 6μm)
Fully automatic copper bar continuous extrusion line
Intelligent copper sheet and strip finishing mill unit
Digitalized control and management of the whole production process is realized through MES system, and the dimensional accuracy of the products can reach ±0.01mm.
