1, pure titanium tensile strength of 265 ~ 353MPa, general titanium alloys for 686 ~ 1176MPa, currently up to 1764MPa. titanium alloys and the strength of many steels are comparable, but the specific strength of steel is far worse than titanium alloys.
2, titanium and titanium alloy compression strength is not less than its tensile strength. The compressive yield strength and tensile yield strength of industrial pure titanium are roughly equal, while the compressive strength of Ti-6AI-4V and Ti-5AI-2.5Sn is slightly higher than the tensile strength.
3, shear strength is generally 60% to 70% of the tensile strength. Titanium and titanium alloy sheet compressive yield strength is about 1.2 to 2.0 times the tensile strength.
4, in the normal atmospheric atmosphere, the processing and annealing of titanium and titanium alloys of the enduring limit of 0.5 ~ 0.65 tensile strength. In the notched state (Kt = 3.9) for 10 million times fatigue test, annealed Ti-6AI-4V endurance limit of 0.2 times the tensile strength.
5, the highest purity grade of processed industrially pure titanium hardness is usually less than 120HB (Brinell hardness), the hardness of other industrially pure processed titanium is 200 ~ 295HB. the hardness of pure titanium castings is 200 ~ 220HB. titanium alloy hardness value in the annealed state is 32 ~ 38HRC (Rockwell), equivalent to 298 ~ 349HB. the casting of the Ti - 5Al - 2.5Sn and The hardness of Ti-6AI-4V in cast form is 320HB, and the hardness of Ti-6Al-4V castings with low interstitial impurities is 310HB.
6. The tensile modulus of elasticity of industrially pure titanium is 105~109GPa Most titanium alloys have a tensile modulus of elasticity in the annealed state of 110~120GPa. Age-hardened titanium alloys have a slightly higher tensile modulus of elasticity than in the annealed state, and compressive modulus of elasticity is equal to or greater than the tensile modulus. modulus of elasticity is equal to or greater than the tensile modulus of elasticity. The specific modulus of elasticity of titanium alloys is equal to that of aluminium alloys, second only to beryllium, molybdenum and some high temperature alloys.
The torsional or shear modulus of industrial pure titanium is 46 GPa, and the shear modulus of titanium alloy is 43-51 GPa. In order to improve the strength of titanium alloys, increasing the content of interstitials will have a detrimental effect on the impact resistance and fracture toughness of the alloy. Depending on the type and state of the titanium alloy, the value of the Charcot notched impact strength of densified industrially pure titanium is 15-54J/m2, and about 4-10J/m2 in the casting state. The impact strength of titanium alloys in the annealed state is 13 to 25.8 J/㎡, and slightly lower in the aged state. Cast state of Ti-5AI-2.5Sn Charcot V-notch impact strength of 10J / ㎡, Ti-6AI-4V for 20 ~ 23J / ㎡. The lower the oxygen content of titanium alloy, the higher the value.
8, many titanium alloys have high fracture toughness, or, titanium alloy resistance to crack expansion is very good. The annealed state of Ti-6AI-4V is a material with excellent toughness, and when the notched concentration factor Kt=25.4mm, the ratio of notched tensile strength to non-notched tensile strength is greater than 1.
9, titanium alloys at high temperatures can also maintain a certain performance. General industrial titanium alloy can maintain its performance at a temperature of 540 ℃, but only for short-term applications, long time temperature range of 450 ~ 480 ℃. Titanium alloys have been developed for use at temperatures of 600 ℃. Titanium alloy as a missile material can be used for a long time at a temperature of 540 ℃, can also be used for a short time at a temperature of 760 ℃.
10, titanium and titanium alloys in low temperature and ultra-low temperature can still maintain its original mechanical properties. As the temperature decreases, the strength of titanium and titanium alloys continues to increase, while the ductility gradually deteriorates. Many annealed titanium alloys have sufficient ductility and fracture toughness at -195.5℃. Ti-5AI-2.5Sn, which contains a very low amount of interstitial elements, can be used at temperatures up to -252.7°C. It has a very low notched tensile strength compared to non-notched titanium alloys. Its ratio of notched tensile strength to non-notched tensile strength is 0.95 to 1.15 at -25.7°C.
Liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen and liquid fluorine are important propellants in missiles and space devices. The cryogenic properties of the materials used to make cryogenic gas containers and cryogenic structural components are very important. When the microstructure is isometric and the content of interstitial elements (oxygen, helium, hydrogen, etc.) is very low, the ductility of titanium alloys remains above 5 per cent. Most titanium alloys have poor ductility at a temperature of -252.7°C, while Ti-6AI-4V has an elongation of 12 per cent.
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