Titanium alloy is widely used in various fields because of its high strength, good corrosion resistance, heat resistance and other characteristics. Many countries in the world have recognised the importance of titanium alloy materials, and have successively carried out research and development on them and obtained practical applications. Titanium alloys in naval applications have great potential for development, the following is the application of titanium alloys in naval applications:
I. Application in ship structure
Titanium and titanium alloys, although the yield strength is high, but the need for inert gas protection during welding, the difficulty of shaping is greater than that of steel. Therefore, the general structure of surface ships rarely use titanium. Titanium and titanium alloys are mainly used in submarines, deep submersibles and other ships to cope with the yield strength, density and corrosion resistance at the same time demanding occasions.
China in the 1980s developed Ti80 alloy, used in the manufacture of deep submarine and submarine pressure-resistant shell, with high strength, high toughness, corrosion resistance, weldable and other excellent properties, in the tensile strength of 880 ~ 925MPa, yield strength of 785 ~ 885MPa conditions, fracture toughness and stress corrosion resistance is significantly better than Ti6Al4VELI alloy. 1990s development of Ti91 titanium alloy, the Ti91 titanium alloy, yield strength of 700MPa.
Second, for ship coolers
As titanium and titanium alloys in seawater has more excellent corrosion resistance than other alloys, and with the commonly used copper alloys compared to high strength, low density, can be thinned through the thickness of the tube wall and increase the flow rate of seawater to ensure the efficiency of heat transfer. In nuclear submarines and other equipment for the safe operation of high reliability requirements of the application field, the application of titanium heat exchanger is very important.
Currently the most widely used in the United States is industrial pure titanium, industrial pure titanium in natural water, seawater and a variety of chlorides with special resistance to stress corrosion. In the seawater flow rate of 3 ~ 5m / s desalination equipment, titanium heat exchanger fouling coefficient is only 0.95 ~ 0.99. China has also successfully developed a number of titanium alloys with excellent performance, such as Ti31 titanium alloy, used for waste heat discharge cooler, piping, etc., the working environment for high temperature seawater or high speed seawater at normal temperatures, resistant to high-temperature corrosion of 180 ℃.
Third, for ship pipelines
ship through the sea system pipelines due to direct contact with seawater and most of the layout in the bilge, the working environment is harsh, corrosion has been a constraint on its ability to play the most prominent problem. China in the 1970s successfully developed TA5 α-type titanium alloy (Ti-4Al-0.05B), high strength, cast ZTiAl4 yield strength of not less than 490MPa, can be used for ship auxiliary systems in the pumps, valves, manufacturing. 1980s development of Ti75 titanium alloy, under the premise of the comprehensive performance of the good, the strength of the 50MPa, impact toughness and fracture toughness of TA5 respectively, the impact toughness and fracture toughness of the titanium alloy. Ti75 titanium alloy has been developed in the 1980s, under the premise of good overall performance, the strength increased by 50MPa, impact toughness and fracture toughness for TA5 1.4 times and 1.2 times, respectively, stress corrosion fracture toughness of TA5 2 times, and has excellent cold and hot working performance, casting performance and low impurity sensitivity. Ti75 titanium alloy filled the gaps in the domestic titanium alloys for shipbuilding of 730MPa, and has reached the international advanced level. Reciprocating brine pump made of Ti75 alloy, outboard double-seated double ball valve stem has been used normally.
Fourth, for ship propellers
Titanium alloy with high strength, light weight, excellent resistance to cavitation and fatigue resistance, is the ideal material for manufacturing propellers. ZTi6Al4V made of propeller life is 3 times that of copper alloy propeller. China began in the late 1960s ZTi6Al4V alloy research work in the 1970s, successfully applied to hydrofoil propeller, after 20 years of real boat verification, good performance.
In addition, China's development of better welding performance, higher toughness, better resistance to cavitation corrosion performance of high-strength cast titanium alloy has been successful, has been used in the manufacture of a hydrofoil speedboat propeller.
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